Foodborne Illness

Summary

Each year, around 48 million people in the United States get sick from contaminated food. Common causes include bacteria and viruses. Less often, the cause may be a parasite or a harmful chemical, such as a high amount of pesticides. Symptoms of foodborne illness depend on the cause. They can be mild or serious. They usually include:

Most foodborne illnesses are acute. This means that they happen suddenly and last a short time.

It takes several steps to get food from the farm or fishery to your dining table. Contamination can happen during any of these steps. For example, it can happen to:

  • Raw meat during slaughter
  • Fruits and vegetables when they are growing or when they are processed
  • Refrigerated foods when they are left on a loading dock in warm weather

But it can also happen in your kitchen if you leave food out for more than 2 hours at room temperature. Handling food safely can help prevent foodborne illnesses.

Most people with foodborne illness get better on their own. It is important to replace lost fluids and electrolytes to prevent dehydration. If your health care provider can diagnose the specific cause, you may get medicines such as antibiotics to treat it. For more serious illness, you may need treatment at a hospital.

NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
MedlinePlus brings together authoritative health information from the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies and health-related organizations.

Food Poisoning

Department of Health and Human Services

Food Poisoning

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

Food Poisoning

Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research

Foodborne Germs and Illnesses

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Foodborne Illness-Causing Organisms in the U.S.: What You Need to Know

Food and Drug Administration

Four Steps to Food Safety: Clean, Separate, Cook, Chill

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Bacteria Culture Test

National Library of Medicine

Ova and Parasite Test

National Library of Medicine

Stool Tests

Nemours Foundation

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